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The maximum advance of Nisqually Glacier in the last thousand years was located, and retreat from this point is believed to have started about 1840. An accurate prediction of future glacier evolution will be crucial to successfully adapt socioeconomic models and preserve biodiversity. Paul, F. et al. Correspondence to This means that these differences linked to MB nonlinearities observed in this experiment could be even greater for such ice caps. Lett. Zekollari, H., Huss, M. & Farinotti, D. On the Imbalance and Response Time of Glaciers in the European Alps. Nonetheless, a better understanding of the underlying processes guiding these nonlinear behaviours at large geographical scales is needed. (Springer, New York, 2009). However, the impact of different climate configurations, such as a more continental and drier climate or a more oceanic and humid climate, would certainly have an impact on the results, albeit a much less important one than the lack of topographical feedback explored here. To interactively describe to response of glaciers to climate change, a glacier parameterization scheme has been developed and implemented into the regional climate model REMO. Deep learning captures a nonlinear response of glaciers to air temperature and precipitation, improving the representation of extreme mass balance rates compared to linear statistical and temperature-index models. The authors declare no competing interests. This reanalysis is specifically designed to represent meteorological conditions over complex mountain terrain, being divided by mountain massif, aspect and elevation bands of 300m. Winter climate data are computed between October 1 and March 31, and summer data between April 1 and September 30. These are among the cascading effects linked to glacier loss which impact ecosystems and . DDFs are known to vary much less with increasing temperatures for intermediate values of albedo (i.e. Moreover, these differences between nonlinear and linear models appear to come from an over-sensitivity of linear models to increasing ablation season air temperatures, when ice is exposed in a large fraction of glaciers.