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Because of such characteristics of the dendrimers, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules are enclosed into dendrimers [73]. Nanoparticulate materials - Nanoparticles - BBC Bitesize The widely used methods for the synthesis of niosomes are ether injection method, film method, sonication method of HandjaniVila, reverse-phase evaporation and heating method [40, 63]. The upconversion nanoparticles are non-toxic, photostable offer high-contrast optical imaging, photoluminescence properties and allows the nanoparticles potentially applicable in biological systems. The synthesis starts from the exterior part to the core part to form the final dendrimers. These are of polymeric in nature contain different types of fatty acids such as stearic acid or a mixture of fatty acids [7881]. Abstract. 2 ). The skin fibroblast cells, as well as nucleic acids, get affected due to photo-activated TiO2 nanoparticles [169]. In that process liposomes depending on the pore size of the filters employed and structurally modified to large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) or nanoliposomes [39, 58, 59]. Solid lipid nanoparticles have been used in skin whitening formulations for topical delivery of active ingredients like 6-methyl-3-phenethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinazoline-2-thione (JSH18) which is effective in skin lightening due to its property of tyrosinase inhibition crucial for melanin production. Due to the presence of significant properties of nanomaterials, the nanotechnology field has been growing to a greater extent as a large number of publications on this field can provide the evidence. The pollution caused by nanotechnology is known as nano pollution. Figure 3 gives an idea about the confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of interactions of polymer-coated upconversion nanoparticles with the culture of HaCaT monolayer cell lines. As compared to ZnO, TiO2 acts as an effective measure to protect against UV B, and hence when sun protection factor (SPF) is concerned TiO2 is more effective in terms of SPF at a given concentration [20, 21].